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skull · AP Axial
Skull AP Axial (Towne's)
Patient supine or erect, back of head against IR.
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AI Patient · KV Sir
How to perform this view
- 01
Position patient with back of head against IR.
- 02
Tuck chin to bring OML perpendicular.
- 03
Angle CR 30 deg caudad to OML (37 deg to IOML).
- 04
Enter 6 cm above glabella, pass through foramen magnum.
- 05
Expose.
Anatomical & patient position
Patient: Patient supine or erect, back of head against IR.
Part: OML perpendicular to IR (or IOML with 37 deg); MSP centred.
Central ray & centring point
30 deg caudad to OML, entering 6 cm above glabella, through EAMs.
Exposure factors
kVp
80-90 kVp
mAs
20-30 mAs
SID
100 cm
IR size
24 x 30 cm portrait
Grid
Yes
Respiration
Suspended
Clinical indications
- Occipital bone fractures
- Foramen magnum, dorsum sellae
- Petrous pyramids
Contraindications & precautions
- Pregnancy (relative) - confirm LMP / 10-day rule, justify exposure and shield where possible
- Suspected unstable spinal injury - do NOT move neck/spine; use cross-table lateral first and keep collar
Structures shown & evaluation criteria
- Occipital bone, petrous pyramids
- Dorsum sellae within foramen magnum